{"id":1801,"date":"2022-03-22T07:15:39","date_gmt":"2022-03-22T07:15:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cocoamachinery.com\/?p=1801"},"modified":"2022-03-22T07:15:43","modified_gmt":"2022-03-22T07:15:43","slug":"how-are-cocoa-beans-grown-and-harvested","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cocoamachinery.com\/id\/how-are-cocoa-beans-grown-and-harvested\/","title":{"rendered":"Bagaimana Biji Kakao Ditanam dan Dipanen?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Biji kakao adalah biji pipih berbentuk lonjong yang mengandung 53 hingga 58 persen minyak. Kakao liquor, mentega kakao, dan bubuk kakao yang terbuat dari biji kakao banyak digunakan dalam produk cokelat, kosmetik, minuman, produk roti, dll. Jadi, tahukah Anda bagaimana biji kakao ditanam dan dipanen?<\/strong> Ikuti saya untuk melihat konten di bawah ini.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biji kakao adalah produk dari pohon kakao. Pohon kakao adalah pohon sycamore tropis yang tumbuh setinggi 15 hingga 25 kaki di penangkaran, tetapi dapat mencapai ketinggian lebih dari 60 kaki di alam liar. Umur rata-rata pohon kakao adalah sekitar 25-30 tahun, dengan maksimum 40 tahun. Buah kakao berbentuk polong, dan biji kakao dibungkus dengan daging buah berwarna putih yang manis dan asam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Bagaimana
Bagaimana Biji Kakao Ditanam dan Dipanen<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Menanam Pohon Kakao:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Asal biji kakao terutama didistribusikan di tanah antara 20 lintang utara dan selatan khatulistiwa. Karena iklimnya yang panas dan lingkungannya yang hujan, sangat cocok untuk pertumbuhan biji kakao. Perkebunan kakao biasanya terletak di lembah atau dataran pantai dan harus memiliki curah hujan yang merata serta tanah yang subur dan berdrainase baik. Saat ini, daerah penghasil utama biji kakao adalah Amerika Tengah dan Selatan, Afrika Barat, dan Asia Tenggara. Daerah penanaman utama di daratan Cina adalah Hainan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dengan pemangkasan dan budidaya yang cermat, sebagian besar spesies pohon kakao akan mulai berbuah pada tahun kelima. Dengan perawatan terbaik, beberapa spesies pohon bahkan dapat menghasilkan panen yang baik pada tahun ketiga dan keempat. Secara umum diyakini bahwa setelah dua puluh lima tahun, manfaat ekonomi dari satu pohon kakao dapat dianggap telah mencapai akhir, dan sudah waktunya untuk menanam kembali dengan pohon kakao muda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pohon kakao berbuah sepanjang tahun, sementara panen biasanya bersifat musiman. Karena pohon kakao melakukan penyerbukan silang secara bebas, buah kakao yang dihasilkan memiliki beragam jenis, termasuk biji kakao Criollo, Forastero, dan Trinitario.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Menanam
Menanam Pohon Kakao<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Memanen Biji Kakao:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. Memetik buah kakao yang sudah matang<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Memetik buah kakao yang sudah matang bukanlah tugas yang mudah, dan pohon kakao rapuh dan memiliki akar yang dangkal. Para petani memiliki pisau baja bergagang panjang dan berbentuk tangan untuk para pemetik. Pisau baja ini dimaksudkan untuk menjangkau dan memotong buah kakao yang paling tinggi tanpa melukai kulit pohon kakao yang lembut. Parang besar yang dibawa-bawa digunakan untuk memetik buah kakao yang cukup banyak di cabang-cabang yang rendah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Memecahkan polong<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biji kakao diperoleh dengan cara membelah cangkang kayu dari buah kakao. Biasanya 20 hingga 50 biji kakao susu digali dari satu buah kakao standar, dan kulit luar serta selaput bagian dalam kakao dibuang. Biji kakao ini masih sangat berbeda dengan produk akhir yang kita kenal. Biji kakao yang berwarna putih susu dengan cepat berubah menjadi lavender atau ungu ketika terkena udara. Pada titik ini, mereka tidak mencium aroma cokelat yang biasa kita kenal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Memanen
Memanen Biji Kakao<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3. Memfermentasi biji kakao<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biji kakao diselimuti oleh lapisan pulp yang mulai memanas dan berfermentasi. Fermentasi yang berlangsung selama tiga hingga sembilan hari ini menghilangkan rasa pahit dari kakao dan menghasilkan bahan baku dengan karakteristik cokelat. Hasil akhirnya adalah biji kakao yang telah difermentasi secara sempurna dan berwarna cokelat gelap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Mengeringkan biji kakao<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jika biji kakao ingin diawetkan, biji kakao harus dikeringkan. Jika cuaca bagus, proses pengeringan biasanya memakan waktu beberapa hari. Selama pengeringan, biji kakao kehilangan hampir seluruh kelembabannya dan lebih dari separuh beratnya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Di atas adalah proses menanam dan memanen biji kakao, setelah itu biji kakao yang sudah dikeringkan dipindahkan untuk dijual.<\/p>\n

<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Biji kakao adalah biji pipih berbentuk lonjong yang mengandung 53 hingga 58 persen minyak. Cairan kakao, mentega kakao, dan bubuk kakao yang terbuat dari biji kakao banyak digunakan dalam cokelat, kosmetik, ...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1802,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"yasr_overall_rating":0,"yasr_post_is_review":"","yasr_auto_insert_disabled":"","yasr_review_type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1801","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-knowledge"],"yoast_head":"\nHow are Cocoa Beans Grown and Harvested\uff1f - Cocoa Machinery<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Here tell you how cocoa beans are grown and harvested by introducing the process of growing cocoa trees and harvesting cocoa beans.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cocoamachinery.com\/id\/how-are-cocoa-beans-grown-and-harvested\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How are Cocoa Beans Grown and Harvested\uff1f - 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